Search results for "Optical density"

showing 10 items of 10 documents

Dispersive optical interface based on nanofiber-trapped atoms.

2011

We dispersively interface an ensemble of one thousand atoms trapped in the evanescent field surrounding a tapered optical nanofiber. This method relies on the azimuthally-asymmetric coupling of the ensemble with the evanescent field of an off-resonant probe beam, transmitted through the nanofiber. The resulting birefringence and dispersion are significant; we observe a phase shift per atom of $\sim$\,1\,mrad at a detuning of six times the natural linewidth, corresponding to an effective resonant optical density per atom of 0.027. Moreover, we utilize this strong dispersion to non-destructively determine the number of atoms.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum PhysicsBirefringenceMaterials scienceAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsOptical densityCoupling (probability)Physics - Atomic PhysicsLaser linewidthNanofiberAtomDispersion (optics)Physics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Beam (structure)Optics (physics.optics)Physics - OpticsPhysical review letters
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Towards noncontact skin melanoma selection by multispectral imaging analysis

2011

A clinical trial comprising 334 pigmented and vascular lesions has been performed in three Riga clinics by means of multispectral imaging analysis. The imaging system Nuance 2.4 (CRi) and self-developed software for mapping of the main skin chromophores were used. Spe- cific features were observed and analyzed for malignant skin melanomas: notably higher absorbance (especially as the difference of optical density relative to the healthy skin), uneven chromophore distribution over the lesion area, and the possibility to select the "melanoma areas" in the correla- tion graphs of chromophores. The obtained results indicate clinical potential of this technology for noncontact selec- tion of mel…

Diagnostic ImagingMalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyMultispectral imageBiomedical EngineeringSkin PigmentationOptical densityBiomaterialsLesionHemoglobinsImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansMedicineMelanomaSkinMelaninsbusiness.industrySpectrum AnalysisMelanomamedicine.diseaseAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOxyhemoglobinsFemalesense organsmedicine.symptomSkin melanomabusinessSkin lesionSoftwareBiomedical engineeringJournal of Biomedical Optics
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Benign — A typical nevi discrimination using diffuse reflectance and fluorescence multispectral imaging system

2015

Early diagnostics of skin cancer is of interest for dermatologists. Atypical nevi are not considered to be malignant, but are suspects that should be detected and monitored over time. The multispectral imaging system Nuance operating in spectral range 450–950 nm was adapted for clinical in vivo measurements in diffuse reflectance and fluorescence mode. Mean and standard deviation values of optical density and fluorescence intensity were extracted from segmented pigmented lesions (21 benign and 26 atypical nevi) and used for further analysis. It was possible to achieve 62% sensitivity and 67% specificity for discrimination between atypical and benign lesions using averaged fluorescence mean …

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyNuclear magnetic resonanceMaterials scienceMultispectral imagemedicineIn vivo measurementsDiffuse reflectionOptical densityFluorescenceAtypical nevusStandard deviationIntensity (physics)2015 International Conference on BioPhotonics (BioPhotonics)
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Thioredoxin (Trxo1) interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and its overexpression affects the growth of tobacco cell culture.

2017

Thioredoxins (Trxs), key components of cellular redox regulation, act by controlling the redox status of many target proteins, and have been shown to play an essential role in cell survival and growth. The presence of a Trx system in the nucleus has received little attention in plants, and the nuclear targets of plant Trxs have not been conclusively identified. Thus, very little is known about the function of Trxs in this cellular compartment. Previously, we studied the intracellular localization of PsTrxo1 and confirmed its presence in mitochondria and, interestingly, in the nucleus under standard growth conditions. In investigating the nuclear function of PsTrxo1 we identified proliferati…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineTFs transcription factorsOverexpressionBiologíaBiFC bimolecular fluorescence complementationClinical BiochemistryCell Culture TechniquesTobacco BY-2 cells01 natural sciencesBiochemistryTBY-2 tobacco bright yellow-2DTT 14-dithiothreitolBimolecular fluorescence complementationThioredoxinsGene Expression Regulation PlantTrx thioredoxinlcsh:QH301-705.5GFP green fluorescent proteinlcsh:R5-920biologyProliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)Cell cycleGlutathione3. Good healthCell biologyMitochondriaNTR NADPH thioredoxin reductaseProtein TransportDEM diethyl maleateRT-qPCR Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reactionThioredoxinlcsh:Medicine (General)Oxidation-ReductionAMS 4-acetamido-4-maleimidylstilbene-22-disulfonic acidResearch PaperPCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigenOex overexpressingCell cycleNucleusThioredoxin o103 medical and health sciencesROS reactive oxygen speciesDownregulation and upregulationProliferating Cell Nuclear AntigenTobaccoDAPI 46-diamidine-2-phenylindolmCBM monochlorobimaneCellular compartmentCell NucleusCell growthOrganic ChemistryBotánicaPeasMolecular biologyYFP yellow fluorescent proteinProliferating cell nuclear antigenTBS Tris-buffered salineOD optical density030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)Cell cultureRNA reactive nitrogen speciesbiology.proteinPrx peroxiredoxinBSA bovine serum albumin010606 plant biology & botanyRedox biology
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Influence of low power CW laser irradiation on skin hemoglobin changes

2012

Influence of low power laser irradiance on healthy skin using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and multispectral imaging was studied. Changes of diffuse reflectance spectra in spectral range from 500 to 600 nm were observed after 405 nm, 473 nm and 532 nm laser provocation, leading to conclusion that the content of skin hemoglobin has changed. Peaks in spectral absorbance (optical density) curves corresponded to well-known oxy-hemoglobin absorbance peaks at 542 and 577 nm.

Materials scienceDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformbusiness.industryAnalytical chemistryIrradianceOptical densityLaserlaw.inventionAbsorbanceDiffuse reflectance spectraOpticslawsense organsHemoglobinIrradiationbusinessSPIE Proceedings
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Administration of Triclabendazole Is Safe and Effective in Controlling Fascioliasis in an Endemic Community of the Bolivian Altiplano

2012

Background Emergence of human fascioliasis prompted a worldwide control initiative including a pilot study in a few countries. Two hyperendemic areas were chosen: Huacullani, Northern Altiplano, Bolivia, representing the Altiplanic transmission pattern with high prevalences and intensities; Cajamarca valley, Peru, representing the valley pattern with high prevalences but low intensities. Coprological sample collection, transport and study procedures were analyzed to improve individual diagnosis and subsequent treatments and surveillance activities. Therefore, a coproantigen-detection technique (MM3-COPRO ELISA) was evaluated, using classical techniques for egg detection for comparison. Meth…

MaleVeterinary medicineRC955-962law.inventionFecesfluids and secretionslawArctic medicine. Tropical medicinePeruMass ScreeningChildEggs per gramInfectious DiseasesTransmission (mechanics)Human fascioliasisChild PreschoolMedicineFemaledisease severityPublic HealthSample collectiondisease surveillanceoptical densityPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.06 [https]Research ArticleTest EvaluationNeglected Tropical DiseasesFascioliasisBoliviaFasciolosisAdolescentprevalenceinfection rateEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiologySensitivity and SpecificitySpecimen HandlingDiagnostic Medicineparasitic diseasesParasitic DiseasesHumansfeces analysisdiagnostic test accuracy studyparasite identificationcoproantigen detection test|endemic diseaseMass screeningFecesClinical Laboratory TechniquesPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGold standard (test)Fasciola hepaticaantigen detectionenzyme linked immunosorbent assayParasitologyAntigens HelminthParasitology
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Diffusion coefficient of PVA Fricke gel dosimeters

2015

Fricke gel dosimeters based on various matrix has been studied for a long time as 3D dosimetric system for radiotherapy. Selfoxidation and loss of spatial resolution due to diffusion have been the main issues that have impaired the affirmation of this technique so far. As part of an Italian nation-wide research program, we were interested in develop new gel formulations that are simple, reproducible and non toxic. We studied the one dimensional diffusion coefficient of Fe3+ ions inside Fricke gel dosimeters based on a matrix of PVA cross-linked with a di-aldehyde. With a spectrophotometer equipped with a moving tray we were able to collect absorbance measurements at different positions of t…

DIFFUSIONSSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariPVASettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGEL DOSIMETERSOPTICAL DENSITYSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)
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Thermoelectric Heat Exchange and Growth Regulation in a Continuous Yeast Culture

2018

We have designed a thermoelectric heat exchanger (TEHE) for microbial fermentations that is able to produce electric power from a microbial continuous culture using the intrinsic heat generated by microbial growth. While the TEHE was connected, the system proved able to stably self-maintain both the temperature and the optical density of the culture. This paves the way toward a more sustainable operation of microbial fermentations, in which energy could be saved by converting part of the metabolic heat into usable electric power.

Hot TemperatureMaterials scienceGrowth regulationBioelectric Energy SourcesBacterial growthOptical densityUSableMetabolic heatMicrobiologyHeat exchangeheat exchangeContinuous cultureElectricityYeastsPhase (matter)hemic and lymphatic diseasesThermoelectric effectHeat exchangerTemperature regulationPower productionProcess engineeringbusiness.industryOriginal ArticlesYeastChemical engineeringFermentationcontinuous cultureOriginal ArticlePeltier–Seebeck effectElectric powerbusinesspower productiontemperature regulation
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Clinical evaluation of melanomas and common nevi by spectral imaging

2012

A clinical trial on multi-spectral imaging of malignant and non-malignant skin pathologies comprising 17 melanomas and 65 pigmented common nevi was performed. Optical density data of skin pathologies were obtained in the spectral range 450-950 nm using the multispectral camera Nuance EX. An image parameter and maps capable of distinguishing melanoma from pigmented nevi were proposed. The diagnostic criterion is based on skin optical density differences at three fixed wavelengths: 540nm, 650nm and 950nm. The sensitivity and specificity of this method were estimated to be 94% and 89%, respectively. The proposed methodology and potential clinical applications are discussed.

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyocis:(110.4234) Multispectral and hyperspectral imagingintegumentary systembusiness.industryocis:(170.4580) Optical diagnostics for medicineMelanomaMultispectral imageImage processingOptical densitymedicine.diseaseAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral imagingOptics in Cancer ResearchPigmented NevusMedicinesense organsRadiologybusinessClinical evaluationBiotechnologyBiomedical Optics Express
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Texture analysis and optical anisotropy measurements of leukocytes for early diagnostics of diabetes mellitus

2004

DNA damage had been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In this work we present a method for detection and discrimination of such DNA changes by means of analysis of light microscope images of anisotropically stained leukocytes nuclei. Several features of the images have been evaluated, including integrated optical density, degree of polarisation, and textural features. A genetic algorithm, coupled with a neural classifier, has been used to find the best features for identification of the pathology. Reported results indicate the best set is able to achieve an 83% correct classification ratio.

Materials scienceOptical anisotropybusiness.industryDNA damagePattern recognitionOptical densitymedicine.diseasePatient diagnosisImage textureDiabetes mellitusInsulin dependent diabetesmedicineComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessCellular biophysicsProceedings 2003 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.03CH37429)
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